-
1 he has resigned (from) his post as Permanent Secretary
Общая лексика: он ушёл с поста постоянного секретаряУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > he has resigned (from) his post as Permanent Secretary
-
2 he has resigned from his post as Permanent Secretary
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > he has resigned from his post as Permanent Secretary
-
3 he was forcibly resigned from
Общая лексика: он был отправлен в отставкуУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > he was forcibly resigned from
-
4 resigned
[rɪ'zaɪnd]1) Общая лексика: безропотный, в отставке, вышедший в отставку, отставной, покорный, смиренный, смирившийся2) Канцеляризм: уволен по собственному желанию (from the position of) -
5 he has resigned his post as Permanent Secretary
Общая лексика: (from) он ушёл с поста постоянного секретаряУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > he has resigned his post as Permanent Secretary
-
6 Felix (Antipope from 1439 to 1449. He resigned under pressure from the kings of France, England, and Sicily, and was a cardinal for his last two years)
Религия: Феликс VУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Felix (Antipope from 1439 to 1449. He resigned under pressure from the kings of France, England, and Sicily, and was a cardinal for his last two years)
-
7 ausgetreten
-
8 resign
1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) dimitir2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) resignarse•- resigned
resign vb dimitirtr[rɪ'zaɪn]1 dimitir ( from, de), presentar la dimisión1 dimitir de\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto resign oneself to something resignarse a algoresign [ri'zaɪn] vt1) quit: dimitir, renunciar2)to resign oneself : aguantarse, resignarsev.• dimitir v.• renunciar v.• resignar v.• separar v.rɪ'zaɪn
1.
intransitive verb renunciar, dimitirto resign from something — renunciar a algo, dimitir algo
I resigned from the committee — renuncié a or dimití mi cargo en la comisión
2.
vt \<\<position\>\> renunciar a, dimitir
3.
v refl[rɪ'zaɪn]to resign oneself (TO something/-ING) — resignarse (a algo/+ inf)
1.VT [+ office, post] dimitir de, renunciar a; [+ claim, task] renunciar awhen he resigned the leadership — cuando dimitió de or renunció a la jefatura
to resign o.s. to (doing) sth — resignarse a (hacer) algo
2. VI1) dimitir, renunciar2) (Chess) abandonar* * *[rɪ'zaɪn]
1.
intransitive verb renunciar, dimitirto resign from something — renunciar a algo, dimitir algo
I resigned from the committee — renuncié a or dimití mi cargo en la comisión
2.
vt \<\<position\>\> renunciar a, dimitir
3.
v reflto resign oneself (TO something/-ING) — resignarse (a algo/+ inf)
-
9 dimitir
v.to resign.* * *1 to resign1 to resign (de, from)■ dimitió del/el cargo de presidente he resigned his post as president* * *verb* * *1.VI to resign (de from)2.VT to resign* * *verbo intransitivo to resign* * *= step down, resign, stand down.Ex. She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.Ex. The board of trustees decided to hand Balzac an official reprimand with the warning that if more staff resigned he would be asked to resign himself.Ex. Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.----* dimitir de un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.* * *verbo intransitivo to resign* * *= step down, resign, stand down.Ex: She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.
Ex: The board of trustees decided to hand Balzac an official reprimand with the warning that if more staff resigned he would be asked to resign himself.Ex: Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.* dimitir de un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.* * *dimitir [I1 ]vito resign dimitir DE algo to resign FROM sthha dimitido de su cargo he has tendered his resignation, he has resigned (from) his postsustituyó al dimitido entrenador he replaced the coach who (had) resigned■ dimitirvt* * *
dimitir ( conjugate dimitir) verbo intransitivo
to resign;
dimitir de algo to resign from sth
dimitir verbo intransitivo to resign: dimitió de su cargo de presidente, he resigned from his post as president
' dimitir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cesar
- renunciar
English:
alternative
- choice
- quit
- resign
- step down
- stand
- step
* * *dimitir vi* * *v/i resign* * *dimitir vi: to resign, to step down* * *dimitir vb to resign -
10 renunciar
v.1 to resign.renunció a su cargo de secretario he resigned his position as secretary2 to renounce, to give up, to bow out, to abandon.3 to disclaim, to abandon, to surrender.El ladrón entregó las joyas The thief rendered up the jewels.* * *1 (abandonar) to give up (a, -), abandon (a, -)2 (dimitir) to resign■ renunció a su puesto he resigned his post, he resigned3 DERECHO to renounce (a, -), relinquish (a, -)4 (en los naipes) to revoke, not to follow suit* * *verb1) to renounce2) resign* * *VI1)renunciar a — [+ derecho, trono] to renounce; [+ exigencia, plan] to abandon, drop
¿renuncias a Satanás? — do you renounce Satan?
2) (=dimitir) to resign3) (Naipes) to revoke* * *verbo intransitivo1) ( dimitir) to resignrenunciar A algo — a puesto to resign something
2) (a derecho, proyecto)renunciar A algo — to give up o relinquish something
* * *= abdicate, abrogate, renounce, surrender, step down, stand down.Ex. Will LC, after becoming the de facto national library as a result of the technological innovation of the standard, printed catalog card, be forced to abdicate its role?.Ex. As a result of undermanning the university's computer centre has abrogated any constructive influence on libraries' choice of computer systems.Ex. 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.Ex. Instead the two ecclesiastical disputes which arose from Diocletian's decree to surrender scriptures must be seen as more disastrous to Christian unity than the destruction of libraries.Ex. She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.Ex. Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.----* renunciar a = give up, relinquish, forego [forgo].* renunciar a un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.* * *verbo intransitivo1) ( dimitir) to resignrenunciar A algo — a puesto to resign something
2) (a derecho, proyecto)renunciar A algo — to give up o relinquish something
* * *= abdicate, abrogate, renounce, surrender, step down, stand down.Ex: Will LC, after becoming the de facto national library as a result of the technological innovation of the standard, printed catalog card, be forced to abdicate its role?.
Ex: As a result of undermanning the university's computer centre has abrogated any constructive influence on libraries' choice of computer systems.Ex: 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.Ex: Instead the two ecclesiastical disputes which arose from Diocletian's decree to surrender scriptures must be seen as more disastrous to Christian unity than the destruction of libraries.Ex: She had stepped down as president of the League of Women Voters several years ago.Ex: Defence Minister Ehud Barak has called on the Prime Minister to stand down over corruption allegations.* renunciar a = give up, relinquish, forego [forgo].* renunciar a un cargo = step down from + Posesivo + position, stand down.* * *renunciar [A1 ]viA (dimitir) to resign renunciar A algo:renunció a su puesto en la dirección he resigned his position on the board, he resigned from the boardB (a un derecho, un proyecto) renunciar A algo to give up o relinquish sthrenunció a su parte de la herencia she relinquished her part of the inheritance¿renuncias a Satanás? do you renounce Satan?renunciar a usar métodos violentos to renounce violencerenunció a la acción de indemnización de perjuicios she abandoned o dropped her claim for damagesC ( Esp) (en naipes) to revoke, fail to follow suitto deny oneself, make a sacrifice* * *
renunciar ( conjugate renunciar) verbo intransitivo ( dimitir) to resign;
renunciar A algo ‹ a puesto› to resign sth;
‹ a derecho› to relinquish sth, renounce sth (frml);
‹ a título› to give up sth, relinquish sth;
‹ a trono› to renounce sth
renunciar verbo intransitivo
1 (a un derecho, bien) to renounce, give up: renunció a la felicidad, he renounced happiness
renunciamos a la herencia, we relinquished the inheritance
2 (a un vicio, placer, proyecto) to give up: tendré que renunciar a los dulces, I've got to stop eating sweets
renunciamos a ir de viaje, we gave up travelling
3 (no aceptar) to decline
4 (a un cargo) to resign
' renunciar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abdicar
- sacrificar
- desechar
- desprender
- hablar
- macana
- opinar
- voluntad
English:
abandon
- disclaim
- forgo
- relinquish
- renounce
- resign
- surrender
- withdraw
- drop
- forsake
- stand
- step
- waive
* * *renunciar vi1.renunciar a algo [abandonar, prescindir de] to give sth up;renunciar a un proyecto to abandon a project;renunciar al tabaco to give up o stop smoking;renunciar a la violencia to renounce the use of violence2. [dimitir] to resign;renunció a su cargo de secretario he resigned his position as secretaryrenunciar a algo [premio, oferta] to turn sth down;renunció a recibir ayuda del extranjero he refused to accept help from abroad4. [en naipes] to revoke* * *v/i:* * *renunciar vi1) : to resign2)renunciar a : to renounce, to relinquishrenunció al título: herelinquished the title* * *renunciar vb1. (rechazar) to renounce2. (dimitir) to resignrenunció a su cargo he resigned / he resigned from his post -
11 resign
1. Ithe government (the Prime Minister, the Minister of Education, etc.) has resigned правительство и т.д. ушло в отставку; he resigned a) он ушел с работы /бросил работать/; б) он подал в отставку2. IIresign in some manner resign suddenly (reluctantly, nominally, officially, etc.) неожиданно /внезапно/ и т.д. уходить в отставку; he resigned voluntarily он ушел по собственному желанию3. IIIresign smth.1) resign office /a post, a position/ отказаться от должности; resign a position of trust отказаться от ответственного положения; resign one's job /one's position/ уходить с работы /с должности/; resign one's charge (one's task, one's duties, etc.) слагать с себя обязанности и т.д.; resign one's commission mil, подать в отставку2) resign a claim (all claims, all pretensions, rights, property, etc.) отказаться от требования /от претензии/ и т.д.3) resign all hope оставлять всякую надежду; resign one's expectations отказываться от своих надежд4. XIbe resigned to smth. be resigned to the situation (to one's fate, etc.) примириться с положением дел и т.д.5. XVI1) resign from smth. resign from the Cabinet (from the chairmanship of a committee, etc.) выйти из состава правительства и т.д., resign from public life оставлять общественную деятельность; the man resigned from his job because of illness этот человек ушел с работы из-за болезни2) resign to smth. resign to the inevitability of death (to smth. as predestination, etc.) примириться с неизбежностью смерти и т.д.6. XVIII1) resign oneself to smth. resign oneself to fate (to one's fate, to the decrees of fate, to Heaven's will, to the inevitable, etc.) примириться с судьбой и т.д.; resign oneself to smb.'s direction (to another's guidance, to smb.'s care, to his judgement, etc.) подчиниться чьему-л. руководству и т.д.; resign oneself to a solitary life (to the performance of a disagreeable duty, etc.) примириться /смириться/ с одинокой жизнью и т.д.; resign oneself to doing smth. I'll have to resign myself to being alone while you are away мне придется примириться со своим одиночеством, пока вас здесь не будет; the poor boy resigned himself to passing the night under the stars бедный мальчик смирился с тем, что ему придется провести ночь под открытым небом; we must resign ourselves to doing without his help for a time нам нужно примириться с тем, что некоторое время придется обходиться без его помощи2) resign oneself to smth. resign oneself to sleep погрузиться в сон; resign oneself to meditation (to rest, to pity, etc.) предаться размышлениям и т.д.; she resigned herself entirely to his will она полностью подчинилась его воле7. XXI11) resign smth. in favour of smb. resign office in favour of the younger man отказаться от должности в пользу более молодого человека; resign smth. on (in) smth. he resigned his position on the school paper (on the Board, in the University, etc.) он отказался от своей должности в школьной газете и т.д.2) resign smth., smb. (in)to smb., smth. book. resign one's duties (one's post, etc.) to smb. передавать свои обязанности и т.д. другому; I resign my children to your care я оставляю своих детей на ваше попечение; he resigned his seat to a lady он уступал /передал/ свое место даме; resign one's duties into smb.'s [more capable /able/] hands передавать свои обязанности в чьи-л. [более надежные] руки3) resign smth. to smth. resign one's mind to smth. свыкнуться с мыслью о чем-л.; resign one's mind to one's fate примириться с судьбой; I do not willingly resign my mind to the idea of failure я неохотно примиряюсь /свыкаюсь/ с мыслью о неудаче8. XXIV1resign smth. as smb. resign one's post as headmaster отказаться от должности директора школы; resign one's position as a secretary of the club уходить с должности секретаря клуба -
12 resign
1. transitive verb(hand over) zurücktreten von [Amt]; verzichten auf (+ Akk.) [Recht, Anspruch]2. reflexive verbresign one's job/post — seine Stelle/Stellung kündigen
3. intransitive verbresign oneself to something — sich mit etwas abfinden
[Arbeitnehmer:] kündigen; [Regierungsbeamter:] zurücktreten ( from von); [Vorsitzender:] zurücktreten, sein Amt niederlegen* * *1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) aufgeben2) ((with to) to make( oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) sich fügen•- academic.ru/61764/resignation">resignation- resigned* * *re·sign[rɪˈzaɪn]I. vi1. (leave one's job) kündigento \resign from a job einen Job kündigento \resign from an office/a post von einem Amt/einem Posten zurücktreten2. CHESS aufgebenII. vt1. (give up)▪ to \resign sth etw aufgebento \resign an office/a post ein Amt/einen Posten niederlegento resign from a company/an office aus dat einer Firma/einem Amt ausscheiden2. CHESSto \resign a hopeless position das Spiel aufgeben3. (accept)to \resign oneself to a fact/one's fate/the inevitable sich akk mit einer Tatsache/seinem Schicksal/dem Unvermeidlichen abfinden* * *[rI'zaɪn]1. vt1) (= give up) office, post zurücktreten von, abgeben; claim, rights aufgeben, verzichten auf (+acc)2)to resign oneself to doing sth — sich damit abfinden, etw zu tun
See:→ also resigned2. vi(from public appointment, committee) zurücktreten; (employee) kündigen; (civil servant, clergyman) sein Amt niederlegen; (teacher) aus dem Dienst ausscheidenhe resigned from ( his job with) "The Times" — er hat (seine Stelle) bei der "Times" gekündigt
to resign to the inevitable — sich in das Unvermeidliche fügen
* * *resign [rıˈzaın]A v/t1. die Hoffnung, ein Recht etc aufgeben2. auf einen Anspruch etc verzichten3. ein Amt etc niederlegen4. überlassen (to dat):resign a property to s.o5. resign o.s. sich hingeben (to dat):resign o.s. to meditationresign o.s. to sb’s guidanceresign o.s. to one’s fate;resign o.s. to doing sth sich damit abfinden, etwas tun zu müssenB v/i1. → A 7resign from → a. A 3;force sb to resign jemanden zum Rücktritt zwingenb) austreten ( from aus)3. verzichten4. → A 7:resign to the inevitable sich in das Unvermeidliche fügen* * *1. transitive verb(hand over) zurücktreten von [Amt]; verzichten auf (+ Akk.) [Recht, Anspruch]2. reflexive verb 3. intransitive verbresign one's job/post — seine Stelle/Stellung kündigen
[Arbeitnehmer:] kündigen; [Regierungsbeamter:] zurücktreten ( from von); [Vorsitzender:] zurücktreten, sein Amt niederlegen* * *v.Amt niederlegen ausdr.abdanken v.aufgeben v.resignieren v.verzichten (auf) v.zurücktreten v. -
13 resign
اِسْتَعْفى \ resign. \ اِسْتَقَال \ resign: to give up (a personal position): He resigned his job. I’ve resigned from the club (or I’ve resigned my membership of the club). \ اِسْتَكَانَ \ resign: (passive or with - self) to force oneself to suffer without complaint (sth. that one cannot avoid): He resigned himself (or He was resigned) to living alone after his wife died. \ تَخَلَّى عن مَنْصِب \ resign: to give up (a personal position): He resigned his job. I’ve resigned from the club (or I’ve resigned my membership of the club). \ وَطَّنَ النَّفس عَلَى \ resign: (passive or with - self) to force oneself to suffer without complaint (sth. that one cannot avoid): He resigned himself (or He was resigned) to living alone after his wife died. -
14 resign
1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) si opp, gå av, melde seg ut2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) avfinne seg med, bøye seg for•- resigned Iverb \/ˌriːˈsaɪn\/undertegne på nyttIIverb \/rɪˈzaɪn\/1) trekke seg, avstå fra, frasi seg, oppgi2) overlate3) finne seg i, avfinne seg med, resignere4) si opp, melde seg ut av5) hengi seg til, gi etter (for)resign from trekke seg fra, si fra seg, gå ut avresign\/leave office se ➢ office -
15 resign
I [͵ri:ʹsaın] v II [rıʹzaın] v1. 1) ( часто from) отказываться от должности; слагать с себя обязанностиto resign office [management] - отказаться от должности [от руководства]
to resign one's commission - воен. подать в отставку
he has resigned (from) his post as Permanent Secretary - он ушёл с поста постоянного секретаря
2) уйти в отставкуhe resigned - он ушёл в отставку /на пенсию/
2. отказываться (от права и т. п.)to resign a claim - отказаться от требования /от претензии/
3. передавать (на чьё-л. попечение и т. п.)to resign a child to foster-parents [to an adoption agency] - передать ребёнка на воспитание в чужую семью [на усыновление через соответствующее учреждение]
I resign my children to your care - я оставляю своих детей на ваше попечение
to resign to smth. as predestination - покориться тому, что суждено
to be resigned to death [to one's fate] - примириться с мыслью о смерти [со своей судьбой]
to resign one's mind to smth. - свыкнуться с мыслью о чём-л.
to resign oneself to another's control - подчиниться чьей-л. власти
we must resign ourselves to doing without it - мы должны обойтись без этого
6. сдать партию ( шахматы) -
16 resign
1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) tage sin afsked2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) affinde sig•- resigned* * *1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) tage sin afsked2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) affinde sig•- resigned -
17 resign
resign [rɪ'zaɪn](a) (from post) démissionner, donner sa démission;∎ she resigned from her job/from the committee elle a démissionné de son emploi/du comité;∎ he has resigned as Prime Minister il a démissionné de son poste de Premier ministre(a) (give up → advantage) renoncer à; (→ job) démissionner de; (→ function) se démettre de, démissionner de;∎ she was forced to resign the party leadership elle a dû démissionner de la tête du parti(b) (give away) céder;∎ to resign sth to sb céder qch à qn;∎ I resigned my voting rights to the chairman j'ai cédé mon droit de vote au président∎ to resign oneself to sth/to doing sth se résigner à qch/à faire qch;∎ to resign oneself to one's fate se résigner à son sort;∎ I had resigned myself to going alone je m'étais résigné à y aller seul -
18 resign
1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) dati odpoved2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) sprijazniti se•- resigned* * *[rizáin]transitive verb & intransitive verbodpovedati se, odreči se (čemu); prepustiti, zapustiti, opustiti (upanje); resignirati, vdati se v usodo, obupati (nad čem); dati ostavko, odstopiti, demisionirati, izstopiti ( from iz), umakniti se ( from iz, od)to resign oneself — vdati se (to v), prepustiti se, zaupati se (komu)to resign oneself to doing s.th. — sprijazniti se s tem, da je treba nekaj nareditito resign into s.o.'s hands — v roke komu dati, zaupati komu (kaj)to resign a property to s.o. — prepustiti posestvo komuto resign s.o. to his fate — prepustiti koga njegovi usodi -
19 Edison, Thomas Alva
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Automotive engineering, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Metallurgy, Photography, film and optics, Public utilities, Recording, Telecommunications[br]b. 11 February 1847 Milan, Ohio, USAd. 18 October 1931 Glenmont[br]American inventor and pioneer electrical developer.[br]He was the son of Samuel Edison, who was in the timber business. His schooling was delayed due to scarlet fever until 1855, when he was 8½ years old, but he was an avid reader. By the age of 14 he had a job as a newsboy on the railway from Port Huron to Detroit, a distance of sixty-three miles (101 km). He worked a fourteen-hour day with a stopover of five hours, which he spent in the Detroit Free Library. He also sold sweets on the train and, later, fruit and vegetables, and was soon making a profit of $20 a week. He then started two stores in Port Huron and used a spare freight car as a laboratory. He added a hand-printing press to produce 400 copies weekly of The Grand Trunk Herald, most of which he compiled and edited himself. He set himself to learn telegraphy from the station agent at Mount Clements, whose son he had saved from being run over by a freight car.At the age of 16 he became a telegraphist at Port Huron. In 1863 he became railway telegraphist at the busy Stratford Junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad, arranging a clock with a notched wheel to give the hourly signal which was to prove that he was awake and at his post! He left hurriedly after failing to hold a train which was nearly involved in a head-on collision. He usually worked the night shift, allowing himself time for experiments during the day. His first invention was an arrangement of two Morse registers so that a high-speed input could be decoded at a slower speed. Moving from place to place he held many positions as a telegraphist. In Boston he invented an automatic vote recorder for Congress and patented it, but the idea was rejected. This was the first of a total of 1180 patents that he was to take out during his lifetime. After six years he resigned from the Western Union Company to devote all his time to invention, his next idea being an improved ticker-tape machine for stockbrokers. He developed a duplex telegraphy system, but this was turned down by the Western Union Company. He then moved to New York.Edison found accommodation in the battery room of Law's Gold Reporting Company, sleeping in the cellar, and there his repair of a broken transmitter marked him as someone of special talents. His superior soon resigned, and he was promoted with a salary of $300 a month. Western Union paid him $40,000 for the sole rights on future improvements on the duplex telegraph, and he moved to Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, where he employed a gathering of specialist engineers. Within a year, he married one of his employees, Mary Stilwell, when she was only 16: a daughter, Marion, was born in 1872, and two sons, Thomas and William, in 1876 and 1879, respectively.He continued to work on the automatic telegraph, a device to send out messages faster than they could be tapped out by hand: that is, over fifty words per minute or so. An earlier machine by Alexander Bain worked at up to 400 words per minute, but was not good over long distances. Edison agreed to work on improving this feature of Bain's machine for the Automatic Telegraph Company (ATC) for $40,000. He improved it to a working speed of 500 words per minute and ran a test between Washington and New York. Hoping to sell their equipment to the Post Office in Britain, ATC sent Edison to England in 1873 to negotiate. A 500-word message was to be sent from Liverpool to London every half-hour for six hours, followed by tests on 2,200 miles (3,540 km) of cable at Greenwich. Only confused results were obtained due to induction in the cable, which lay coiled in a water tank. Edison returned to New York, where he worked on his quadruplex telegraph system, tests of which proved a success between New York and Albany in December 1874. Unfortunately, simultaneous negotiation with Western Union and ATC resulted in a lawsuit.Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for a telephone in March 1876 while Edison was still working on the same idea. His improvements allowed the device to operate over a distance of hundreds of miles instead of only a few miles. Tests were carried out over the 106 miles (170 km) between New York and Philadelphia. Edison applied for a patent on the carbon-button transmitter in April 1877, Western Union agreeing to pay him $6,000 a year for the seventeen-year duration of the patent. In these years he was also working on the development of the electric lamp and on a duplicating machine which would make up to 3,000 copies from a stencil. In 1876–7 he moved from Newark to Menlo Park, twenty-four miles (39 km) from New York on the Pennsylvania Railway, near Elizabeth. He had bought a house there around which he built the premises that would become his "inventions factory". It was there that he began the use of his 200- page pocket notebooks, each of which lasted him about two weeks, so prolific were his ideas. When he died he left 3,400 of them filled with notes and sketches.Late in 1877 he applied for a patent for a phonograph which was granted on 19 February 1878, and by the end of the year he had formed a company to manufacture this totally new product. At the time, Edison saw the device primarily as a business aid rather than for entertainment, rather as a dictating machine. In August 1878 he was granted a British patent. In July 1878 he tried to measure the heat from the solar corona at a solar eclipse viewed from Rawlins, Wyoming, but his "tasimeter" was too sensitive.Probably his greatest achievement was "The Subdivision of the Electric Light" or the "glow bulb". He tried many materials for the filament before settling on carbon. He gave a demonstration of electric light by lighting up Menlo Park and inviting the public. Edison was, of course, faced with the problem of inventing and producing all the ancillaries which go to make up the electrical system of generation and distribution-meters, fuses, insulation, switches, cabling—even generators had to be designed and built; everything was new. He started a number of manufacturing companies to produce the various components needed.In 1881 he built the world's largest generator, which weighed 27 tons, to light 1,200 lamps at the Paris Exhibition. It was later moved to England to be used in the world's first central power station with steam engine drive at Holborn Viaduct, London. In September 1882 he started up his Pearl Street Generating Station in New York, which led to a worldwide increase in the application of electric power, particularly for lighting. At the same time as these developments, he built a 1,300yd (1,190m) electric railway at Menlo Park.On 9 August 1884 his wife died of typhoid. Using his telegraphic skills, he proposed to 19-year-old Mina Miller in Morse code while in the company of others on a train. He married her in February 1885 before buying a new house and estate at West Orange, New Jersey, building a new laboratory not far away in the Orange Valley.Edison used direct current which was limited to around 250 volts. Alternating current was largely developed by George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla, using transformers to step up the current to a higher voltage for long-distance transmission. The use of AC gradually overtook the Edison DC system.In autumn 1888 he patented a form of cinephotography, the kinetoscope, obtaining film-stock from George Eastman. In 1893 he set up the first film studio, which was pivoted so as to catch the sun, with a hinged roof which could be raised. In 1894 kinetoscope parlours with "peep shows" were starting up in cities all over America. Competition came from the Latham Brothers with a screen-projection machine, which Edison answered with his "Vitascope", shown in New York in 1896. This showed pictures with accompanying sound, but there was some difficulty with synchronization. Edison also experimented with captions at this early date.In 1880 he filed a patent for a magnetic ore separator, the first of nearly sixty. He bought up deposits of low-grade iron ore which had been developed in the north of New Jersey. The process was a commercial success until the discovery of iron-rich ore in Minnesota rendered it uneconomic and uncompetitive. In 1898 cement rock was discovered in New Village, west of West Orange. Edison bought the land and started cement manufacture, using kilns twice the normal length and using half as much fuel to heat them as the normal type of kiln. In 1893 he met Henry Ford, who was building his second car, at an Edison convention. This started him on the development of a battery for an electric car on which he made over 9,000 experiments. In 1903 he sold his patent for wireless telegraphy "for a song" to Guglielmo Marconi.In 1910 Edison designed a prefabricated concrete house. In December 1914 fire destroyed three-quarters of the West Orange plant, but it was at once rebuilt, and with the threat of war Edison started to set up his own plants for making all the chemicals that he had previously been buying from Europe, such as carbolic acid, phenol, benzol, aniline dyes, etc. He was appointed President of the Navy Consulting Board, for whom, he said, he made some forty-five inventions, "but they were pigeonholed, every one of them". Thus did Edison find that the Navy did not take kindly to civilian interference.In 1927 he started the Edison Botanic Research Company, founded with similar investment from Ford and Firestone with the object of finding a substitute for overseas-produced rubber. In the first year he tested no fewer than 3,327 possible plants, in the second year, over 1,400, eventually developing a variety of Golden Rod which grew to 14 ft (4.3 m) in height. However, all this effort and money was wasted, due to the discovery of synthetic rubber.In October 1929 he was present at Henry Ford's opening of his Dearborn Museum to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the incandescent lamp, including a replica of the Menlo Park laboratory. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and was elected to the American Academy of Sciences. He died in 1931 at his home, Glenmont; throughout the USA, lights were dimmed temporarily on the day of his funeral.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the American Academy of Sciences. Congressional Gold Medal.Further ReadingM.Josephson, 1951, Edison, Eyre \& Spottiswode.R.W.Clark, 1977, Edison, the Man who Made the Future, Macdonald \& Jane.IMcN -
20 resign
1) (to leave a job etc: If he criticizes my work again I'll resign; He resigned (from) his post.) demitir-se2) ((with to) to make (oneself) accept (a situation, fact etc) with patience and calmness: He has resigned himself to the possibility that he may never walk again.) resignar-se•- resigned* * *re.sign[riz'ain] vt+vi 1 resignar-se, renunciar. 2 conformar-se, submeter-se. 3 demitir-se. 4 Chess abandonar. to resign from office demitir-se de seu cargo. to resign to the will of God submeter-se à vontade de Deus.
См. также в других словарях:
List of resignations from the Guantanamo military commission — This is a list of resignations from the Guantanamo military commission, including those of Stuart Couch, Morris Davis, Fred Borch, Major Robert Preston, Captain John Carr, USAF Captain Carrie Wolf, and Darrel Vandeveld. They were among the… … Wikipedia
Middlesbrough F.C. survival from liquidation — This article details Middlesbrough Football Club s liquidation in 1986. Contents 1 Lead up 2 1986 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 … Wikipedia
List of minor characters from The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy — The following is a list of minor characters in the various versions of The Hitchhiker s Guide to the Galaxy , by Douglas Adams.AgrajagAgrajag is a constantly reincarnated entity who ends up being killed multiple times by Arthur Dent. First… … Wikipedia
Darwin from Insectivorous plants to Worms — The life and work of Darwin from Insectivorous plants to Worms followed after the work of Darwin from Descent of Man to Emotions. See inception of Darwin s theory, development of Darwin s theory, publication of Darwin s theory, reaction to Darwin … Wikipedia
Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms — The life and work of Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms featured a continuation from Charles Darwin s investigations into insectivorous plants and climbing plants which he had begun before his work on Descent of Man and Emotions. Worries… … Wikipedia
United States congressional delegations from Arkansas — The followings tables present the congressional delegations from Arkansas to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives.United States SenateFootnotes# Died in office. # Resigned. # From secession until readmission to the… … Wikipedia
United States congressional delegations from Delaware — This is a chronological listing, in timeline format, of the United States Congressional Delegations from Delaware to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Contents 1 United States Senate 2 … Wikipedia
List of United States Representatives from Massachusetts — This is an incomplete list of Members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts in alphabetical order. The list of names should be complete, but other data may be incomplete. This list is incomplete; you can help by… … Wikipedia
Members of the 2nd UK Parliament from Ireland — 1st Parliament (1801) 2nd Parliament (1802) 3rd Parliament (1806) This is a list of the MPs for Irish constituencies, who were elected at the United Kingdom general election, 1802, to serve as Members of the 2nd UK Parliament from Ireland, or who … Wikipedia
United States congressional delegations from New Jersey — These are tables of congressional delegations from New Jersey to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Contents 1 United States Senate 2 United States House of Represe … Wikipedia
United States congressional delegations from Minnesota — These are tables of congressional delegations from Minnesota to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Minnesota became a state on May 11, 1858. Contents 1 United States Senate 2 Hou … Wikipedia